Human Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields by Staebler Patrick;
Author:Staebler, Patrick; [Staebler, Patrick]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated
Published: 2017-05-30T00:00:00+00:00
Characteristics of exposure Frequency domain Specific absorption (mJ·kg–1)
Workers 0.3 GHz–6 GHz 10
General public 0.3 GHz–10 GHz 2
EXAMPLE 5.1.– For occupational exposure to a pulsed signal, the SA is limited to 10 mJ·kg–1 in the head. This value is reached, for example, during exposure to an electromagnetic pulse with an emission duration of 10 µs associated with a peak SAR of 1,000 W·kg–1 (1,000 W·kg–1 × 10 µs = 10 mJ·kg–1). The average corresponding SAR is 1 W·kg–1 for a repetition period of 10 ms.
EXAMPLE 5.2.– A 2G GSM mobile telephone emits a modulated pulse every 4.6 ms (217 Hz). The emission duration is 1/8 of this period, at 0.577 ms. Taking an average SAR of 1 W·kg–1 as a hypothesis, the peak SAR is 8 W·kg–1. The SA takes on the value of 4.6 mJ·kg–1 (8 W·kg–1 × 0.577 ms).
This example shows that the ICNIRP Guidelines are conservative, since no auditory effect seems to have ever been reported following use of a mobile phone. The SA should cover only pulses lower than 50 µs, as specified in certain regulations (e.g. [ARP 02]). In practice, this value is in relation to exposure to long-range radar signals (military applications, aeronautical applications, etc.).
In medicine, tissues are heated locally through application of high-frequency signals, with the aim of producing a therapeutic effect (Chapter 2). The SAR values applied are around 10–50 W·kg–1.
The SAR, which can be obtained by variations in tissue temperature, internal electric fields, etc., is not measurable in living people and is not representative in an inert body. The ethical aspects of this cannot be disregarded. Numerical and experimental dosimetry techniques applied to anthropomorphic models avoid this difficulty (Chapter 8).
Download
This site does not store any files on its server. We only index and link to content provided by other sites. Please contact the content providers to delete copyright contents if any and email us, we'll remove relevant links or contents immediately.
The Complete Stick Figure Physics Tutorials by Allen Sarah(7135)
Secrets of Antigravity Propulsion: Tesla, UFOs, and Classified Aerospace Technology by Ph.D. Paul A. Laviolette(4974)
Thing Explainer by Randall Munroe(3782)
The River of Consciousness by Oliver Sacks(3411)
The Order of Time by Carlo Rovelli(3071)
How To by Randall Munroe(2911)
I Live in the Future & Here's How It Works by Nick Bilton(2839)
A Brief History of Time by Stephen Hawking(2819)
What If?: Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions by Randall Munroe(2542)
The Great Unknown by Marcus du Sautoy(2532)
Midnight in Chernobyl by Adam Higginbotham(2384)
Blockchain: Ultimate Step By Step Guide To Understanding Blockchain Technology, Bitcoin Creation, and the future of Money (Novice to Expert) by Keizer Söze(2379)
Networks: An Introduction by Newman Mark(2264)
The Meaning of it All by Richard Feynman(2213)
Easy Electronics by Charles Platt(2204)
The Tao of Physics by Fritjof Capra(2162)
Midnight in Chernobyl: The Untold Story of the World's Greatest Nuclear Disaster by Adam Higginbotham(2074)
When by Daniel H Pink(2019)
Introducing Relativity by Bruce Bassett(2015)
